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Tsunami
The term of “tsunami” comes from the
Japanese which means harbour ("tsu") and
wave ("nami"). A tsunami is a series of
waves generated when water in a lake or a
sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale.
A tsunami can be generated when the sea
floor abruptly deforms and vertically
displaces the overlying water. Such large
vertical movements of the earth's crust can
occur at plate boundaries.
Subduction of earthquakes are particularly
effective in generating tsunami, and occur
where denser oceanic plates slip under
continental plates.
As the displaced water mass moves under
the influence of gravity to regain its
equilibrium, it radiates across the ocean like
ripples on a pond.
Tsunami always bring great damage. Most of
the damage is caused by the huge mass of
water behind the initial wave front, as the
height of the sea keeps rising fast and floods
powerfully into the coastal area.